"Title","URL","Type","Start year","End year","Countries","Project funding","Funding source(s)","Funding information","Partner(s)","PI institution(s)","Principal investigator","Abstract","Objectives","Methodology","Themes"
"Pilot study to improve malaria diagnosis and surveillance using mobile technology","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/pilot-study-improve-malaria-diagnosis-and-surveillance-using-mobile-technology","Project"," 2011"," 2012","Botswana","$45 000","Malaria No More","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , Positive Innovation for the Next Generation (PING)","National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) Botswana ","Simon Chihanga","","To understand the true incidence of malaria and markedly improve surveillance and response for elimination.","Operational research","Surveillance"
"Malaria Case Surveillance Using Mobile Phone Technology in Swaziland","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/malaria-case-surveillance-using-mobile-phone-technology-swaziland","Project"," 2013","","Swaziland","","Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)","Supported through core funding from BMGF","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , UCSF Global Health Group  , Management Sciences for Health (MSH)","National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) Swaziland","Simone Kunene","","To utilise the immediate disease notification system (IDNS) that incorporates an automated short-message service (SMS) text to the NCMP surveillance team and aids case reporting.","Operational research","Surveillance"
"The elimination scenario planning (ESP) tool","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/elimination-scenario-planning-esp-tool","Project"," 2012"," 2014","","$300 000","Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , UCSF Global Health Group  , Imperial College London, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHBSPH), University of Florida","World Health Organization (WHO)","Michael Lynch","","To provide malaria-endemic countries with a comprehensive framework to assess different scenarios for moving towards this goal, depending on programme coverage and funding availability.","Modelling","Impact of interventions"
"Malaria Elimination Surveillance in Swaziland: Investigation of Strategies to Improve Sensitivity and Efficiency for Detection of Secondary Cases","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/malaria-elimination-surveillance-swaziland-investigation-strategies-improve-sensitivity","Project","Jul 2012","Jun 2015","Swaziland","$130 000","American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), Burroughs Wellcome Fund","","Ministry of Health (MOH) Swaziland, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) ","UCSF Global Health Group  ","Michelle S. Hsiang","","To evaluate PCR and risk factor assessment as potential strategies to improve sensitivity and efficiency of secondary case detection.","Epidemiology, Operational research","Elimination strategies, Surveillance"
"Eliminating Plasmodium falciparum with ACTs in sub-Saharan Africa","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/eliminating-plasmodium-falciparum-acts-sub-saharan-africa","Project","Jan 2014","Dec 2017","Namibia","$2 865 385","Novartis Foundation , Global Environmental Fund, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)","","Ministry of Health (MOH) Namibia, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , University of Southampton","UCSF Global Health Group  , University of Namibia, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa","Roly Gosling, Immo Kleinschmidt","","To support improved surveillance and determine the suitability of Targeted Parasite Elimination (TPE) using ACT as a new strategy for malaria elimination in addition to Reactive Vector Control.","Operational research","Drug-based strategies, Elimination strategies, Surveillance"
"Evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of Reactive Targeted Parasite Elimination vs. Reactive Case Detection as a community level intervention in response to a passively identified index case: a cluster randomised controlled trial in Swaziland","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/evaluating-feasibility-and-effectiveness-reactive-targeted-parasite-elimination-vs","Project","Jan 2014","Dec 2016","Swaziland","$1 268 800","Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), Horchow Family Fund","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , Ministry of Health (MOH) Swaziland, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","UCSF Global Health Group  ","Roly Gosling, Michelle S. Hsiang","","Primary aim: To compare the impact of TPE (Targeted Parasite Elimination) versus RACD (Reactive Case Detection) on malaria incidence.Secondary aims: Effectiveness:
1. To compare the impact of TPE versus RACD on seroprevalence.
2. To compare the impact of TPE versus RACD on prevalence of infection.
3. To compare the impact of TPE versus RACD on proportion of imported incident cases.
4. To compare the impact of TPE versus RACD on time to first post-intervention incident local case.
5. To compare the impact of TPE versus RACD on transmission potential as measured by relatedness of infections by microsatellite genotyping.
Feasibility:
1. To determine the feasibility of reaching 80% coverage for TPE versus RACD.
2. To evaluate the safety of TPE versus RACD.
3. To compare the acceptability of TPE versus RACD.
4. To compare the costs and cost-effectiveness of TPE versus RACD.
5. To measure the adherence to modified DOT regimen in the TPE arm.","Operational research","Drug-based strategies, Elimination strategies, Foci, Surveillance"
"The Haiti Malaria Elimination Consortium (HaMEC) ","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/haiti-malaria-elimination-consortium-hamec","Project","Feb 2015"," 2020","Dominican Republic, Haiti","$29 900 000","Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)","","CDC Foundation, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , Haiti Ministry of Public Health and Population, Dominican Republic Ministry of Public Health, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), The Carter Center, Tulane University, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)","Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA","","","HaMEC will develop, adopt, and implement an evidence-based strategy and operational plan for achieving malaria elimination; secure the additional financial resources needed to achieve elimination; improve and refine malaria surveillance systems to support decision-making and action; and reduce malaria transmission through implementation of effective community-based interventions that are tailored to the level of malaria risk in high-prevalence areas, ultimately leading to elimination by 2020. Specific objectives include:
1. Assess the performance of the targeted malaria elimination (TME) strategy as measured against set targets so that the TME strategy can be improved and adapted to address any operational issues that are identified; 
2. Document where indigenous malaria transmission has been successfully interrupted, as well as where it has not, in an effort to focus TME strategies accordingly;
3. Identify program and external factors that lead to the success and failure of achieving malaria elimination; and 
4. Track the overall progress towards malaria elimination in Haiti as a precursor to elimination certification.
 ","Operational research","Drug-based strategies, Elimination strategies, Indigenous & imported cases, Surveillance"
"Evidence to inform an operational elimination plan and roadmap for malaria elimination in Southern Mozambique","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/evidence-inform-operational-elimination-plan-and-roadmap-malaria-elimination-southern","Core investment","Oct 2014"," 2019","Mozambique","$20 725 500","Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), La Caixa Foundation","The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation awarded 14,400,000 USD and La Caixa Foundation awarded 6,325,500 USD.","Manhiça Health Research Centre (CISM), Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM), National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) Mozambique, President's Malaria Initiative (PMI)","Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)","Antoni Plasencia","","To support three provinces in Southern Mozambique (around 4M people) to eliminate indigenous cases of malaria by creating sustainable mechanisms to support the national government in elimination planning, advocating for additional resources, improving surveillance systems, and using mas drug admisistration targeting the parasite reservoir.","",""
"Evaluating re-active surveillance strategies for malaria elimination in Swaziland","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/evaluating-re-active-surveillance-strategies-malaria-elimination-swaziland","Project","","","Swaziland","","American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), Burroughs Wellcome Fund, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , FIND, National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) Swaziland","UCSF Global Health Group  , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","Michelle S. Hsiang","","1. Determine the diagnostic accuracy of currently used detection methods (microscopy and RDT) to detect Plasmodium infections using PCR or LAMP as gold standard.
2. Identify optimal procedures and risk factors associated with the detection of infections.
3. Measure the costs and cost-effectiveness of reactive case detection methods to detect additional infections.
4. Evaluate microsatellite genotyping as strategy for determining the origin and spread of P. vivax and P. falciparum infections
Drug treatment of positive cases is according to Swaziland national guidelines, which is artemether and lumefantrine (AL).","Operational research","Asymptomatic reservoir, Parasite genetic diversity, Surveillance"
"Rapid Access Expansion 2015 programme (RAcE 2015)","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/rapid-access-expansion-2015-programme-race-2015","Project","Apr 2012","Mar 2017","Congo, the Democratic Republic of the, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria","$73 494 404","Government of Canada","","World Health Organization (WHO), D-Tree, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , Medical Care Development International (MCDI), University of Alberta, Grassroots Community Development Initiative (GRACODEV), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM), Ministry of Health (MOH) Democratic Republic of Congo, Ministry of Health (MOH) Malawi, Ministry of Health (MOH) Mozambique, Ministry of Health (MOH) Niger , Ministry of Health (MOH) Nigeria, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) , Karolinska Institute, Boston University, University of Gothenburg ","Save the Children, World Vision, International Rescue Committee, Malaria Consortium, Society for Family Health (SFH)","","","To contribute to the reduction of child mortality due to malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea by increasing access to diagnostic, treatment and referral services for these diseases
To generate evidence to inform WHO policy recommendations and programmatic guidance on iCCM.
","Operational research","Impact of interventions, Vulnerable populations"
"Prototype of technology?s role to facilitate surveillance needs for malaria elimination ","http://www.malariaeradication.org/mesa-track/prototype-technology%E2%80%99s-role-facilitate-surveillance-needs-malaria-elimination","Project","Apr 2015","Mar 2016","Swaziland, Zimbabwe","$750 000","Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) Swaziland, National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) Zimbabwe, Google, Akros, Vizzuality","UCSF Global Health Group  ","Hugh Sturrock, Adam Bennet","","Development of a user friendly IT platform that takes in, synthesises and analyzes data to porduce useful outputs relevant to malaria programs that will result in improved efficiency of NMCPs.","Epidemiology, Geospatial Analysis, Modelling","Elimination strategies, Surveillance"
"Improving severe malaria outcomes","http://www.unitaid.eu/en/improving-severe-malaria-outcomes","Project","Dec 2012","Dec 2016","Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, Nigeria","$34 000 000","UNITAID ","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , Malaria Consortium","Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV)","","In December 2012, the UNITAID Executive Board approved an investment of up to US$34 million to accelerate the global adoption of injectable artesunate and prepare healthcare workers to quickly integrate this drug into their standard of care. This grant will be implemented by the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), the Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) and the Malaria Consortium.  
Challenge and market shortcomings:  
Out of 219 million estimated annual malaria cases, approximately eight million are severe. Typically, children diagnosed in hospitals with severe malaria are given intravenous (IV) quinine. It is a cumbersome process: the IV drip needs to be changed every eight hours and treatment can last seven days. With a shortage of health workers in endemic countries, the need for such intense monitoring puts a high burden on the health care system and increases the risk for patients.  
Clinical trials results published in 2010 showed that injectable artesunate is 22.5% more efficacious than quinine in reducing mortality in children. Artesunate can be administered rapidly through IV injection over 3-5 minutes or as an injection. Only two doses are administered on the first day of treatment, and the drug is given once daily thereafter. Despite being recommended by the WHO since 2011, several market shortcomings have limited the use of injectable artesunate. Inadequate advocacy, education and training have lead to poor acceptance by patients and healthcare providers. Injectable artesunate costs three times more than injectable quinine, due to the low volume manufactured and the lack of competition. Currently, there is only one WHO prequalified supplier of injectable artesunate.  
Market Intervention:  
MMV and UNITAID will create a market for injectable artesunate and introduce it as an alternative to quinine for the treatment of severe malaria. MMV will also encourage the market entry of a second supplier of injectable artesunate through negotiation in order to increase competition. To ensure that children are given a chance to reach hospital for treatment of severe malaria, this grant will also support the market entry of rectal artesunate. A community health worker or a mother can administer these suppositories; in effect, ?buying time? while the child is transported to hospital. Currently, no rectal artesunate product has been WHO-prequalified or approved by a stringent regulatory authority, despite being recommended by the WHO for the pre-referral treatment of severe malaria. This project will provide technical support to manufacturers of artesunate suppositories so that they can attain regulatory approval of the product.
","","Economics, Product development & clinical research","Tools for elimination, Vulnerable populations"
"Global Malaria Diagnostic and Artemisinin Treatment Commodities Demand Forecast, Phase I","http://www.unitaid.eu/en/actforecasting","Project","Jan 2009","Dec 2013","","$1 000 000","UNITAID ","","Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) , MIT-Zaragoza International Logistics Program","The Boston Consulting Group (BCG)","","Intro
To help the market demand for malaria commodities including antimalarial medicines, malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and the active pharmaceutical ingredient artemisinin, UNITAID finances and helps coordinate quarterly demand forecasts to inform policy makers and market participants. These forecasts are carried out by the Malaria Diagnostic and Artemisinin Treatment Commodities Forecasting Consortium. All studies are overseen by a Steering Committee composed of representatives from organizations such as UNITAID, the President?s Malaria Initiative, the World Health Organization, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and the Medicines for Malaria Venture. 
Briefs are also prepared to provide policymakers and other stakeholders with a summary of the latest demand forecasts for antimalarial drugs, RDTs and artemisinin and their implications for health and development policy.
History
At its January 2009 ad hoc meeting in Geneva, the UNITAID Board mandated the UNITAID Secretariat to commission such forecasting services. The Secretariat, recognizing the need to include related activities, broadened the service to include artemisinin and ACT supply and demand forecasting at both the global level and for the Affordable Medicines Facility - malaria (AMFm).  
Since the launch of this project, the quarterly demand forecasts have become a valuable tool in supporting a healthy malaria market by providing insights to policy makers and signals to market participants. 
","","Economics, Health systems research","Drug-based strategies, Elimination strategies, Surveillance"